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Latest Research

June 2025

Unveiling the Russian infrastructure supporting the Moldova24 TV channel

by Victoria Olari

A newly created Moldovan broadcaster claims to be independent. We uncovered a web of connections to Russian state media.
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May 2025

Banned, yet broadcasting: Sanctioned Belarusian state media influencing the Polish elections

by Givi Gigitashvili, Martyna Hoffman, Saman Nazari

Belarusian state media uses digital platforms to promote candidates and shape narratives within Poland ahead of the 2025 presidential elections.
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May 2025

Online network with French ties promotes election interference claims in Romania

by Valentin Châtelet

A Romanian news aggregator amplifying claims of Simion’s victory is tied to a France-based company that also targeted Africa and Asia
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Supporters watch Leader of the radical right Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR) George Simion speak on a screen following the exit poll results during the Romanian presidential election, outside the Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR) headquarters in Bucharest, Romania
May 2025

From Bucharest to Chisinau: How pro-Kremlin networks shaped Romania’s 2025 election

by Victoria Olari

Russia-aligned actors in both Romania and Moldova consolidate support for George Simion in final days of campaign.
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May 2025

Pro-Kremlin actors exploit USAID scrutiny to destabilize Moldova’s pre-election landscape

by Eto Buziashvili, Victoria Olari

Multiple apparent influence campaigns using USAID cuts to promote election denialism and push for criminalization of Moldova’s ruling party
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May 2025

South African influencers-for-hire attack Zelenskyy for declining Victory Day ceasefire

by Iryna Adam

Multiple South African X accounts linked to paid influencer marketplace also participated in previous campaign that advanced pro-Russian narratives.
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May 2025

How a misleading viral video fueled a Canadian election fraud hoax

by Digital Forensic Research Lab

Tracing how a viral hoax falsely linked election workers to ballot box fraud
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May 2025

The evolving role of AI-generated media in shaping disinformation campaigns 

by Ali Chenrose, Max Rizzuto

A methodological examination of how malicious actors exploit visual generative models
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April 2025

How social media shaped the 2025 Canadian election 

by Layla Mashkoor

Platform enforcement gaps, AI-generated spam, and foreign interference concerns converged during high-stakes political contest.
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In-Depth Reports

September 2024

Mythical Beasts and Where to Find Them: Mapping the Global Spyware Market and its Threats to National Security and Human Rights

by Jen Roberts, Trey Herr, Nitansha Bansal, and Nancy Messieh, with Emma Taylor, Jean Le Roux, and Sopo Gelava

The Mythical Beasts project pulls back the curtain on the connections between 435 entities across forty-two countries in the global spyware market.
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September 2024

Mythical Beasts and Where to Find Them

by Jen Roberts, Trey Herr, Nitansha Bansal, and Nancy Messieh, with Emma Taylor, Jean Le Roux, and Sopo Gelava

Mythical Beasts and Where to Find Them: Mapping the Global Spyware Market and its Threats to National Security and Human Rights is concerned with the commercial market for spyware and provides data on market participants.
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June 2024

User in the Middle: An Interoperability and Security Guide for Policymakers

by Maia Hamin, Alphaeus Hanson

When technologies work together, it benefits users and the digital ecosystem. Policymakers can advance interoperability and security in tandem by understanding how each impacts the other.
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June 2024

“Reasonable” Cybersecurity in Forty-Seven Cases: The Federal Trade Commission’s Enforcement Actions Against Unfair and Deceptive Cyber Practices

by Isabella Wright, Maia Hamin

The FTC has brought 47 cases against companies for unfair or deceptive cybersecurity practices. What can we learn from them?
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Generative art showing paper airplanes flying over Red Square in Moscow.
June 2024

Another battlefield: Telegram as a digital front in Russia’s war against Ukraine

In this new report, the DFRLab investigates the role of Telegram in Russia since the February 2022 invasion of Ukraine
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April 2024

Markets Matter: A Glance into the Spyware Industry

by Jen Roberts, Trey Herr, Emma Taylor, Nitansha Bansal

The Intellexa Consortium is a complex web of holding companies and vendors for spyware and related services. The Consortium represents a compelling example of spyware vendors in the context of the market in which they operate—one which helps facilitate the commercial sale of software driving both human rights and national security risk.
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An image of a GPU overlaid with a computer terminal showing the results of an nmap command, a network scan.
February 2024

Hacking with AI

by Maia Hamin, Stewart Scott

Can generative AI help hackers? By deconstructing the question into attack phases and actor profiles, this report analyzes the risks, the realities, and their implications for policy.
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Smartphone with the app from TikTok on the flags of the USA and China. (Source: Reuters)
February 2024

TikTok: Hate the Game, Not the Player

by Rose Jackson, Seth Stodder, Kenton Thibaut

How Strategic and Regulatory Confusion Around TikTok Prevent an Effective National Security Response
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January 2024

Design Questions in the Software Liability Debate

by Maia Hamin, Sara Ann Brackett, and Trey Herr, with Andy Kotz

Software liability—resurgent in the policy debate since its mention in the 2023 US National Cybersecurity Strategy—describes varied potential structures to create legal accountability for vendors of insecure software. This report identifies key design questions for such regimes and tracks their discussion through the decades-long history of the debate.
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Projects

Foreign Interference Attribution Tracker

The DFRLab’s Foreign Interference Attribution Tracker (FIAT) is an interactive, open-source database that captures allegations of foreign interference relevant to the 2024 election. This tool assesses the credibility, bias, evidence, transparency, and impact of each claim.

Russian soldier and helicopter

Russian War Report

As Russia’s aggression in Europe heats up, the Atlantic Council’s Digital Forensic Research Lab (DFRLab) is keeping a close eye on Moscow’s movements across the military, cyber, and information domains.


Election Official Handbook: Preparing for Election Day Misinformation

As part of the Election Integrity Partnership, the DFRLab has analyzed roughly four hundred cases of election-related dis- and misinformation on social media. This memo gathers the findings and issues recommendations for US election officials: they must prepare for viral falsehoods online that persist for weeks.


Dichotomies of Disinformation

Via the DFRLab’s Github: This project isolates “political disinformation campaigns.” Dichotomies of Disinformation proposes and tests a classification system built on 150 variable options. Our intent is to establish a replicable, extensible system by which widely disparate disinformation campaigns can be categorized and compared.

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